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The Use of Biomechanics as Supporting Argumentation for Expert Opinion Conclusions
Veselý, Vratislav ; Ravnik, David (advisor) ; Maršík, František (referee) ; Horák, Zdeněk (referee)
of the dissertaton Title: The use of biomechanics as a supportng argumentaton for the conclusions of expert opinions Auhtor: Ing. Vratslav Veselý, MBA Keywords: trafc accident, mechanism of injury, head injury, pedestrian, car windscreen, head impact velocity, deformaton zones The aim of this dissertaton is to map the mechanical propertes of the bones of the face and skull from the available literature and to describe the mechanisms of brain and cervical spine injuries. The descripton of these mechanisms contributes to the elucidaton of the origin of injuries from a purely mechanical/biomechanical perspectve, and in forensic practce contributes to the understanding of the situaton by other engineering professions not involved in forensic medicine. The strength and stfness parameters of the bones of the face and skull are used to determine the magnitude, directon and locaton of possible forces for fracture formaton, etc. Another objectve is to propose and describe a simple analytcal approach for determining the velocity of the head when striking the windshield of an automobile. To address the dependence of head impact velocity and car speed, and the efect of windscreen tlt. Using experimental testng, to describe the defects produced on the windscreen of a car afer a crash of...
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Design of a Crash-Test Dummy
Sedláčková, Martina ; Coufal, Tomáš (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is construction of crash test dummy for vehicle-pedestrian crash tests. There is review of nowadays used crash test dummies types in the introduction of this thesis. This is followed by part describing construction itself. Chapter about construction begins by characterizing of used materials features in relation with real human body physiology. Main part of chapter is describing construction of crash test dummy’s skeleton and its individual components including 3D modelling and strength analysis. Thesis is finished by cost assessment.
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Time Analysis of Observation in Interaction Between Driver and Pedestrian
Michalčíková, Lucie ; Tylšar, Vladimír (referee) ; Belák, Michal (advisor)
The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the description of sensory processes, human eye and visual perception. The following are traffic participant and get data using the method of eye tracking. The practical part consisted in the evaluation of driving video recordings describing the driver's observation. The frequency and length of the pedestrian observation was evaluated, and the graphical processing was performed depending on whether the pedestrian actually crossed the road or simulated walking on the side of the roadway.
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HOUSE ON THE EDGE – Valašské Meziříčí, Sokolská Street
Kohlhammer, Peter ; Mašek, Radomír (referee) ; Marek, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this project is to find an appropriate use for the area that lies between the city center and the residential area. In the first phase of the project, this area is divided into the two parts by the natural stream of people, that flows from the residential, to the city center area. This includes the retardation of the vehicle transportation and, on the other hand, the promotion of the pedestrians. The main focus of the phase two is to change the characteristics of the area from transport-orientated to the area that can be used by different groups of people for a wide variety of actions.
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Revitalization of the Padělky housing estate in Ždánice
Culek, Lukáš ; Patočka, Miroslav (referee) ; Smělý, Martin (advisor)
The main point of this diploma thesis is revitalization of housing estate called Padělky in Ždánice. The housing estate is located in the northwestern part of the village. There are nine roads in zone 30. Two of them were already repaired in the first stage. The housing estate is without a transport solution and without the possibility of legal parking. Now the roads are devastated, there are potholes, holes and cracks. Six roads were reconstructed, two were extended. This brought the possibility of detours and improved transport. The new design legalizes the parking space. There are new built parking spaces, too. Conditions for the inhabitants of the housing estate are improving. There are new trees, bushes, rosary, furniture and waste bins. The public lighting will be replaced.
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Methods of reducing traffic collapse within large cities
Hlaváček, Jiří ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Řehák, Kamil (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis concerns methods of reducing traffic collapse within large cities. Due to the significant growth of amount of motor vehicles, especially passenger cars, transport infrastructure of cities is often being overloaded. In the research part of the thesis, possible approaches to this problem are described. Attention is paid to the congestion pricing and to the results of its application in various cities. Also, problem of the first and last mile in the city transport, parking strategy and cycling and pedestrian transport are described. The purpose of these methods is a reduction of the amount of passenger cars within the city, efficient utilization of alternative means of transport and improvement of the traffic flow. The research also includes chapter describing the attitude of particular cities. Common characteristics of these cities are emphasis on public transport, efficient transport infrastructure (linked up with the city plan), good conditions for pedestrians and cyclists and also an effort to make the life in the city as pleasant as possible (ecology, job-housing balance etc.). Practical part of the thesis is devoted to an application of findings on the City of Brno. Current drawbacks of the transport infrastructure of Brno and the strategy of its improvement are described there. As the additional possibilities of the improvement congestion pricing, improvement of the conditions for cyclists and construction of new carparks are proposed.
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Perception of vehicle speed by pedestrian
Rak, Martin ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the issue of the perception of speed of a vehicle from pedestrian’s point of view. The theoretical part consists of a research into sense perception of humans and construction of motor vehicles. The practical part designs and describes the experiment which was performed in order to provide data used for analyzing different factors and their effect on the accuracy of vehicle speed estimations.
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Legal Context of Nightime Road Accidents with Pedestrians
Daněk, Vladimír ; Bradáč, Albert (referee) ; Semela, Marek (advisor)
The thesis „Legal Context of Night-time Road Accidents with Pedestrian „deals with the interpretation of legal decisions on traffic accidents caused by the vehicle during the night and where the other participant was a pedestrian. The main aim of this thesis is to find the established limits for the assessing of blame in comparable accident situations in cases of traffic accidents of the vehicle and the pedestrian at the reduced visibility with emphasis on the assessing in relation to the circumstances of the cases from the technical and legal point of view and in relation to the health consequences. Legal interpretations of the law are defined within the theoretical part of the thesis with emphasis on the ones which appear repeatedly in the judicial decisions. Approximately 1530 judicial decisions were studied and analysed in the analytical part, of which 56 were selected, that corresponds to the requirements of this thesis. There are also 5 expert evidences provided by the Institute of Forensic Engineering of Brno University of Technology. In the above mentioned cases there were defined the limits for the assessing of accidents based on which the judicial decision was predicted in context with the defined established limits for the judicial decisions at the top of the court hierarchy.
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Circumstances and Legal Consequences of Daytime Road Accidents with Pedestrians
Rožková, Magdaléna ; Tylšar, Vladimír (referee) ; Semela, Marek (advisor)
The diploma thesis „Circumstances and Legal Consequences of Daytime Road Accidents with Pedestrian“ deals with the interpretation of legal decisions on traffic accidents causes by the vehicle during the day and where the other participant was a pedestrian. The main aim of this work is to find the established limits for the assessment of fault in comparable accident situations. Basic concepts, as a traffic accident, participants of traffic accidents and the position of an expert in the criminal proceedings, are defined within the theoretical part of the thesis. It also deals with the biomechanical aspects of a pedestrian – vehicle collision and the violation of specific regulations. Approximately 1,530 judical decisions were studied and analyzed in the analytical part, of which 40 were selected, that correspond to the requirements of this thesis. In the analytical part there are also 4 expert opinions provided by the Institute of Forensic Engineering of Brno University of Technology, where the above – mentioned limits for the assessment of accidents were applied, as well as the decision according to the jurisdiction.
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